Here are some extracts and paraphrasing from the opening remarks of Oscar Onyema, CEO of the Nigerian Stock Exchange and President of the African Securities Exchanges Association’s excellent 2015 conference, hosted by the Johannesburg Stock Exchange’s warm hospitality. The conference started on 16 Nov and finished the next day.
Trading volumes and structures
African securities exchanges trade multiple asset classes from equities and bonds to exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and derivatives. 23 nations make up ASEA. In 2015 year to date, African exchanges collectively have traded over $325.0 billion in equities, $1.2 trillion in bonds, and $438.0bn in ETFs and others. They have market capitalization of over $1.3trn.
Several African exchanges are demutualized, while others are in the process of demutualizing. The exchanges are becoming active players in the global exchange business, and the conference theme “Evermore” is about sustaining that growth position, and becoming a real platform for growth in the African economy.
The role of the capital market remains a critical one. It is time to ask the tough question: “How we can sustain the positive growth trajectories of our performances as African exchanges, given the globalization of the securities business?”
It is my strong belief that one of the things that Africa needs to sustain its growth is a solid capital-markets ecosystem that will attract investment and unlock the potential that exists on the continent. How do we, as capital market businesses, operate and grow in a sustainable and socially responsible way? I would like this conference to deliver better understanding of: 1) how best to pursue social values, without losing sight of the traditional financial objectives of our businesses; and 2) the correlation between the health of our economies and the value of our capital markets, bearing in mind peculiar strengths that we could leverage individually and collectively as we press forward.
Africa’s strengths
One of Africa’s greatest strengths is its population of 1.1bn people, 200 million of whom are aged between 15 and 24 years, making Africa the continent with the youngest population in the world. The current trend indicates that this figure will double by 2045. African exchanges are already positioning themselves to do a lot more to service the increasingly sophisticated needs of our growing middle class. Our customers will be looking to sustain and grow their wealth, and will be looking to work with us in preparation for the transfer of that wealth. Therefore I encourage all of us as capital market players to ramp up on our efforts, as we prepare ourselves to meet our clients at their points of need.
We have a combined total of just-over 1,600 listed companies, but this number is negligible compared to the actual number of successful companies operating on the continent, or the over 1.5 million businesses registered in Africa.
I propose we find new ways to engage with business leaders in order to communicate more clearly the vital role we play in facilitating long-term financing, mobilizing resources, and directing the flow of savings and investments efficiently within our economies.
Exponential benefits accrue from risk-sharing initiatives. Internationally, integrated stock markets improve resource allocation and accelerate growth by facilitating liquidity. Although profitable investments sometimes require long-run commitments to capital, savers prefer not to relinquish control of their savings, and preferably not for long periods of time. This is where liquidity comes in to ease the investor’s tension. It does this by providing investors with assets that are easily liquidated at any time, while simultaneously allowing firms permanent access to capital that is raised through equity issues.
Exchange linkages across Africa
There is no better time than now to intensify our efforts in ongoing initiatives that foster the advancement of regional integration and cooperation. Sub-regional integration efforts such as WACMI in West Africa, CoSSE in Southern Africa, and EAC in East Africa must be encouraged.
We must also begin to study how to effectively link the entire region. Hence, the African Exchanges Linkage Project (AELP) which is a jointly owned mandate between ASEA and the Africa Development Bank (AfDB), is a step in the right direction. It is aimed at addressing the lack of liquidity in African capital markets by creating linkages across key regional markets to reduce fragmentation and information asymmetry.
All of these efforts to deepen the continent’s markets will aid in pushing Africa’s economic transformation, and enhancing national competitiveness. But we must be careful never to lose sight of the real objective of these initiatives, which is to stimulate opportunities for the investment community, and expose issuers to deeper pools of capital, and a wider community of analysts and investors pools.
Weak corporate governance is often found responsible for many of the corporate failures in Africa. As securities exchanges, we operate powerful platforms through which we can influence and promote sustainable business practices. We must increase our contribution and participation in developing our national codes of corporate governance, by setting strong listing and maintenance requirements, and ensuring adequate disclosure of listed companies’ corporate governance arrangements.
Leapfrogging technology
Africa is becoming known as the continent that leapfrogs traditional stages of growth or development. We have seen this in the telecommunications industry where despite insurmountable challenges with communications infrastructure, the impact of mobile phone technology in Africa has been phenomenal, and is now revolutionizing many other sectors of our economy. When it comes to mobile phone technology, Africans are doing great things and leapfrogging the West, ironically driven by a lack of infrastructure.
Mobile payment systems experienced phenomenal growth in Kenya because many Kenyans did not have bank accounts, but they had mobile phones. Here in South Africa, the innovation of mobile commerce where you can order something on your phone and pick up from a locker is growing in popularity, and the driver for this is the limited number of physical malls. As a result of poor infrastructure in the health space, Africans are yet again turning to mobile technology for health information on platforms such as Mobile Alliance for Maternal Action (MAMA).
This trend is no different in how quickly the continent has embraced innovations in renewable sources of energy. Between 2010-2012, Nigeria’s renewable power production posted the world’s fastest growth, at more than 15% a year, according the World Bank. I therefore call on my colleagues in the capital market space to do no less in the capital market.
Let us be aware of our opportunities and tremendous capabilities and get involved in understanding what emerging technology can do for our sector, from blockchain technology to advancements in cyber security
